Family Ranidae: Riparian Frogs And True Frogs

Order Anura: Frogs And Toads

Description: The typical or ?true? frogs, mostly medium to large-sized, with long rear legs, smooth, moist skins, well-developed webbing between the toes, and low-pitched ?croaking? calls. Only one genus is found in the United States. All Illinois species but the bullfrog have an evident fold of skin extending along each side on the back (dorsolateral fold or ridge). Most eat anything small enough to swallow, including insects, worms, crayfish, spiders, other frogs, and fish. Most are highly aquatic and rarely found away from water. Breeding takes place during early to late summer in almost any kind of permanent water body. In some species -- notably the bullfrog and green frog -- tadpoles overwinter to transform throughout their second summer.

Bullfrog
Bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana

Key Characteristics: Dorsal lateral ridge wraps around tympanum (does not run down back); snout blunt.

Habitat: Inhabits virtually any permanent body of water.

Green Frog
Green Frog, Rana clamitans

Habitat: Ponds, lakes, streams, swamps, and other permanent or semi-permanent water bodies. They are more tolerant of sparsely-vegetated habitats than are Bullfrogs.

Pickerel Frog
Pickerel Frog, Rana palustris

Habitat: Ponds, creeks, and marshes in northern Illinois; in central and western parts of the state found in cold springs and rocky, high-gradient streams (often in cave streams along the Mississippi river bluffs). Avoids warm sluggish water.

Mink Frog, Rana septentrionalis
Southern Leopard Frog
Southern Leopard Frog, Rana sphenocephala
Wood Frog
Wood Frog, Rana sylvatica

Key Characteristics: Dark mask on side of head extending backward from the eye; tan to black in coloration; unspotted back

Habitat: Restricted to fairly large tracts of mesic coniferous, mixed, or deciduous forest where vernal pools are present.